If a thermal burn is less than 10% of total body surface area (TBSA), what is the appropriate first step?

For a thermal burn that covers less than 10% of the total body surface area (TBSA), the appropriate initial treatment is to cool the area with fresh water or saline and then cover it with a dry, sterile dressing. Cooling the burn helps to stop the burning process and reduces pain, swelling, and potential complications that could arise from the injury. It is important to use running water or saline to effectively decrease the temperature of the burn site without causing further trauma to the tissue.

Covering the burn with a dry, sterile dressing is essential for protecting the area from infection and further irritation while also promoting a healing environment. This method is aligned with established burn care protocols and ensures that the injury is monitored for changes during the healing process.

Alternatives, such as leaving the burn exposed to air, would not provide the needed protection and could increase the risk of infection. Applying ointments or other substances like aloe vera before professional medical evaluation might hinder proper assessment and treatment while also introducing potential allergens or irritants that could complicate healing.